Oak spider mites, or Oligonychus bicolor, are tiny reddish-brown mites that primarily causes major leaf bronzing in the bottom leaves of oak trees. They lay their eggs, which look like red barrels, on the surface of the leaves. Although spider mites in general are not known to attack people, if you brush against an infected oak tree you may take a spider mite along with you. Bites are red, itchy and uncomfortable.
General Information
Oak spider mites are actually neither spiders nor insects. However, they are classified as an arachnid because of the similarities to spiders; oval bodies with no antennae, eight legs and the ability to create silk webs. Spider mites are extremely tiny, often overlooked by the human eye, but they can cause a large amount of damage in surrounding tree life. Spider mites have tiny mouths designed specifically for piercing chlorophyll in microscopic plant cells.
Bites will typically look like a very small pimple surrounded by a red circle. Several bites can clump together and have a rash appearance. Bites will often be extremely itchy. Spider mites are not known to spread diseases, and they rarely bite humans. Their main food source is from plants, not people.
Treatment
There are a few options for treating oak spider mite bites. People who are more sensitive or have severe allergies to mites may experience more itching and swelling than usual. If the mite bites feel warm to the touch, put some ice in a plastic baggie and wrap a cloth around it to create a makeshift icepack. Place the icepack over the affected area to bring down the swelling and reduce the itchiness.
After using an icepack, apply a topical corticosteroid. These can be purchased in stores; some brands will even be specifically designed to treat bug bites from mosquitoes, spiders and mites. One of the most common corticosteroid that helps relieve itching is hydrocortisone 1.0%. This can be purchased in a generic ointment or cream, or you can purchase brand-name ointments such as Cortaid, Cortizone and Zymox. Ointments and creams should be applied to the skin as directed on the packaging. However, these ointments are mild and can be applied several times a day. For more severe reactions, visit your dermatologist for a prescription ointment or cream.
Oral antihistamines can also be taken. These come in the form of allergy pills such as Zyrtec, Claritin and Alavert. It is important to read the directions carefully when taking over-the-counter allergy medication. Some antihistamines are 24 hours, while others can be 8- or 12-hour relief. Prescription allergy medication can also be prescribed by a doctor or dermatologist.
Prevention
Wear long sleeves and long pants when hiking or walking through heavily wooded areas. Although bug spray does work to some extent, try applying a heavy lotion on your skin instead. Because the oak spider mites are nearly microscopic, they will get stuck in the lotion and be unable to bite. If you are outdoors for a long period without proper bug protection, immediately shower or use antibacterial wipes to clean your skin.
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