Fungus infects warm, moist areas and can be caused by yeast, mold or other types of fungus such as dermatophytes. Toenails are a common area for fungal infections because shoes can constrict airflow and create a moist environment. Toenail fungus is identified by yellow areas of the nail that thicken and eventually become dark as debris collects under the nail. The nail can become brittle and painful. Toenail fungus is not easy to treat because it is hard to penetrate the nail to treat the infection.
Topical Treatments
Topical creams and ointments are generally considered ineffective against toenail fungus because the thickened nail does not absorb enough of the antifungal. You can increase your chances of success with over the counter treatments by filing down thickened areas.
A doctor can prescribe an antifungal nail polish, ciclopirox, that is applied each day for up to a year or more. Often, this lacquer doesn't cure the fungal infection, but it does improve the appearance of the nail.
Tea Tree Oil is a proven natural antifungal. Daily application to the nail and surrounding area can treat toenail fungus.
Oral Treatments
Oral antifungal medications rid the whole body of fungus, rather than just the area affected. The three main oral treatments for toenail infections are Itraconazole, Fluconazole and Terbinafine and they are available by prescription only. The medication is taken for six to 12 weeks but treatment sometimes needs to continue for over four months. The oral medication works by allowing new nails to grow fungus free and often results are not seen until the infected part of the nail grows out completely.
These prescription antifungals can cause serious side effects such as liver damage as well as skin irritation.
Prevention
Repeat fungal infections are common as they may have a genetic component. Proper foot care can help decrease this risk.
Keep nails trimmed and clean but do not cut or pick at the skin around your nails as that could open your system to infection.
Use antifungal sprays and powders in your shoes to prevent reinfection from previous bouts with nail fungus.
Wear shoes in public places, especially damps ones like locker rooms and showers.
Tags: fungal infections