A hypothalamic brain tumor occurs in the hypothalamus, a gland in the brain responsible for regulating mood, body temperature, sleep, thirst, sex drive and hunger. It can affect balance and coordination.
Types of Tumors
In children, the tumor is usually an abnormal growth of the glial cells, which support nerve cells. These are not necessarily cancerous. In adults, however, they often result from cancer that has metastasized from elsewhere in the body.
Symptoms Affecting Body Size
Children with hypothalamic brain tumors may suffer from "failure to thrive," which means they do not grow normally. Cachexia occurs in adults and children when there is a loss of appetite and a loss of body fat. They may also lack nutrients due to vomiting.
Symptoms of Hydrocephalus
A headache is a symptom of a tumor. If the tumor is accompanied by sleepiness, it could be an indication of hydrocephalus, which is swelling of the brain. This occurs when the tumor blocks the flow of spinal fluid.
Seizures and Hyperactivity
Some patients experience seizures, convulsions or hyperactivity from hypothalamic brain tumors. Hyperactivity refers to excessive movement in the muscles.
Precocious Puberty
Children who reach puberty, or sexual maturing, ahead of schedule may have a hypothalamic brain tumor.
Vision Symptoms
If the tumor is located near visual pathways, vision may become impaired.
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