Therapeutic ultrasound is a highly advantageous form of treatment where heat producing ultrasound waves are utilized to increase circulation and encourage healing to damaged tissues. When administered properly, ultrasound benefits have been proven completely safe in numerous studies. The guidelines should be observed while administering therapeutic ultrasound treatments.
Indicators
Therapeutic ultrasound should not be used on any body part of a pregnant woman, as it can lead to overheating of the fetus. According to studies by D.C. Reid and E.M. Oakley, ultrasound therapy should never be used on the brain or other components of the central nervous system, as spinal damage may result. According to a study by K. Hynynen, D.J. Watmough and J.R. Mallard, "Care should be taken not to irradiate neoplastic tissues as there is some evidence that inappropriate heating patterns, giving rise to temperatures less than 42 C, may stimulate tumor growth or promote metastases."
Labeling
All components of the ultrasound machine should be clearly labeled. Furthermore, an ultrasound tech must be present at all times during operation of the machine, to ensure the treatment and settings are correct and to lower the amount of radiation should a patient begin experiencing adverse affects.
Output Control
Regulatory standards require that the maximum output permitted should be no higher than 3 W/cm2.
Studies have confirmed that any output higher than this can actually cause adverse tissue damage and pain to the patient. According to a study by O.D. Payton, amounts higher than 3 W/cm2 applied near a patient's bone proved to be unbearable and in some cases, caused bone damage.
Timer Specifications
According to Health Canada, "To minimize potential adverse health effects, the operator should use the minimum patient exposure required to achieve the desired benefit." In other words, patients should never be over exposed to ultrasound or overheating of tissues may result.
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