A rattlesnake bite can be very serious.
Rattlesnakes are among the most venomous snake in the United States. The snake uses its rattle-tipped tail to warn approaching people and animals that they have entered the snake's territory. According to the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, approximately 20 percent of rattlesnakes' defensive bites are "dry," in which no venom is injected. However, most bites result in venom being injected into the victim. In these cases, immediate medical treatment is necessary.
Bite Site
The most obvious sign that a bite has occurred is the physical marks left behind after the bite. When a rattlesnake is not biting, its fangs are folded up inside its mouth. Once the snake enters bite mode, it extends its fangs to sink them into its victim. These two fangs are also what are used to impart venom. When the fangs are removed from the skin, you be able to see the two puncture marks that are left behind. From time to time, according to Desert USA, only one fang may successfully puncture the skin. When this occurs, you will only be able to see one puncture mark.
The bite is also painful for the victim. The pain will vary depending on the size of the snake and the location of the bite. The site may also begin to tingle or become numb as the toxins enter the bloodstream. It is not uncommon for the victim to experience burning at the bite site as well.
Skin Changes
The skin around the bite site will take on several physical characteristics, including becoming swollen, bruised or discolored. According to Desert USA, when a rattlesnake bites, the venom has a hemotoxic effect. This causes destruction to tissue, blood cells and skin tissue, resulting in these symptoms.
Effects of Neurotoxins
According to Desert Museum, rattlesnakes also have neurotoxins, as well as the hemotoxins. These toxins are more concentrated in younger snakes, making them more dangerous. Neurotoxins can impact the victim in different ways. Some victims will develop dizziness or general weakness. Others may react more severely and feel numbness in the mouth and tongue and develop trouble breathing. Muscles can also begin to spasm. In extreme cases, the neurotoxins can lead to the victim losing consciousness.
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