Anti-malarials are used primarily to prevent malaria, though in some cases, they are also used to treat lupus. Malaria is a parasitic disease usually contracted when traveling in tropical climates. It is characterized by flu-like symptoms. Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease that can harm the blood, kidneys, joints and skin. Untreated malaria leads to more than 1 million deaths annually. Anti-malarials have the risk of some side effects.
Serious Side Effects
Most anti-malarial medications are not life-threatening, but some do require prompt medical treatment, according to MedlinePlus. Hives, itching, breathing problems, consciousness changes, problems reading or seeing, convulsions, heartbeat changes and mood changes are considered medical emergencies.
Hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine is an anti-malarial drug used for both prevention and treatment of the disease, according to MedlinePlus. The medication comes in pill form. Possible side effects associated with taking the drug include headache, appetite loss, dizziness, upset stomach, diarrhea, stomach pain, vomiting, and skin rash.
Chloroquine
Chloroquine is another pill used to prevent and treat malaria, and can also be used to treat lupus and other diseases, according to MedlinePlus. Possible chloroquine side effects include hair loss, skin rash, mental changes, stomachache, upset stomach, loss of appetite, and diarrhea.
Atovaquone
Atovaquone is used to prevent malaria, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). It is taken as an oral liquid and thus is especially appealing to use in children. Any unusual weakness when taking atovaquone is considered a medical emergency, according to MedlinePlus. Other side effects include trouble sleeping, sweating, dizziness, changed sense of taste, constipation, and headache.
Doxycycline
Doxycycline is an anti-malarial that can be administered through injection, tablets, coated capsules, liquid, and syrup, according to MedlinePlus. It is usually given as a preventative but can be used in malaria treatment. Severe headache, yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark colored urine, light-colored bowel movements, and decreased urination are all considered medical emergencies. Other possible side effects include sore mouth, diarrhea, and vaginal or anal itching.
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